Dataset

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2. World Bank Indicators
3. Proportion of students in Grade 2 or 3 achieving at least a minimum proficiency level in reading, adjusted native parity index (NPIA)

Proportion of students in Grade 2 or 3 achieving at least a minimum proficiency level in reading, adjusted native parity index (NPIA)

The Adjusted Native Parity Index (NPIA) is calculated by dividing the immigrant value for the indicator by the non-immigrant value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted native parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted NPI equal to 1 indicates parity between immigrants and non-immigrants. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of non-immigrants and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of immigrants. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/